Metsi le litšila tse teng ka har'a lihlapolli ke lintlha tse mpe lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri, 'me li hloka ho tlosoa ka li-zeolite molecular sieves, tse tsejoang e le ho omisa ka ho qhibiliha kapa ho phekola ka motsoako. Ka boholo ba tsona ba masoba le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, li-sieve tsa limolek'hule li fetohile lisebelisoa tse ke keng tsa nkeloa sebaka hape li sebetsa hantle haholo bakeng sa ho alafa sehlaseli, haholo indastering e ntle ea lik'hemik'hale le ea meriana.
Mathata a Tloaelehileng ho Phekolo ea Tharollo
Hangata metsoako ea liindasteri e na le litšila, tse kang metsi a mangata (a tloaelehileng haholo le a nang le tšusumetso e matla), lintho tse nang le asiti kapa alkaline, lintho tse phelang, le likhase tse sa hloekang (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, le hydrocarbon) tse hlahisoang ka mor'a ho hlaphoheloa ha solvent, joalo-joalo.
Litlamorao tsa metsi ana le litšila lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri li kenyelletsa (empa ha li felle feela ho): ho kena-kenana le liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale, thepa e senyang ea thepa, ho baka likotsi tsa tikoloho le bophelo bo botle. Kahoo li tlameha ho tlosoa ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso, le ho thibela ho sekisetsa boleng ba sehlahisoa le ho sebelisoa bocha ka solvent.
Ke Hobane'ng ha Sieve ea Molek'hule e sa khonehe?
Katleho: Lisefa tsa limolek'hule li na le matla a holimo haholo a adsorption le sekhahla sa adsorption, se li nolofalletsang ho ntša metsi ka nepo ho lihlapolli ka nako e khuts'oane, 'me ka hona li ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho omisa.
Khetho: Li-sieve tsa limolek'hule li khetha limolek'hule tsa litšila ntle le ho ama haholo likarolo tse ling tsa solvent. Thepa ena e khethehileng ea adsorption e fana ka li-sieve tsa molek'hule melemo e ikhethang lits'ebetsong tsa kalafo ea solvent.
Botsitso: E le thepa e babatsehang ea adsorption, li-sieve tsa molek'hule li bontša botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, 'me li ka boloka ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea adsorption tlas'a maemo a sa tšoaneng a ts'ebetso le maemo a kinetic.
Nchafatso: Lisefa tsa limolek'hule ke lisebelisoa tse baballang tikoloho, 'me ts'ebetso ea tsona ea adsorption e ka khutlisoa ka ts'ebetso ea nchafatso, e lumellang ho sebelisoa hape, kahoo ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa moruo.
Li-Sieve tsa Molek'hule Bakeng sa Phekolo ea Solvent
Mofuta oa 3A Zeolite Molecular Sieve: E loketse ho omisa li-solvents tse nyenyane tsa polar tse kang ethanol, methanol, acetone, DMF, THF, joalo-joalo E ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho omisa li-solvents tse kang acetonitrile le 2-propanol.
Mofuta oa 4A Zeolite Molecular Sieve: Ke sesebelisoa se sebelisoang hangata ebile se bitsa chelete e ngata-desiccant e sebetsang hantle e nang le matla a ho monya. E loketse ho omisa li-solvents tse mahareng tse kang chloroform, dichloromethane, ether, ethane joalo-joalo.
Mofuta oa 5A Zeolite Molecular Sieve: E ka monya metsi, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, le limolek'hule tse nyenyane tse kang linear alkanes. E loketse ho phekola metsoako e tsoakiloeng, ho tlosa litšila tsa polar, le ho arola li-hydrocarbon.
Type 13X Zeolite Molecular Sieve: E na le boholo bo boholoanyane ba masoba le matla a holimo a adsorption, 'me e loketse phekolo ea polar le e seng{1}}polar solvent. E sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tlosa metsi le litšila ho tsoa ho metsoako e kang monko o monate le alkanes.
